Molotov Anlatıyor [Molotov Speaks]: territorial and Straits base demands on Turkey in 1945
A comparison of the first and expanded second editions
| Chuyev and Molotov (1981) |
The Turkish translation of the Soviet journalist and writer Feliks Chuyev’s book-length interviews with Molotov, bringing together interviews conducted over many years, was published in August 2007 by Yordam Kitap under the title Molotov Anlatıyor (Molotov Speaks). [*] The translator, Suna Kabasakal, rendered the work into Turkish not from the original Russian, but from its French translation.
In March 2010, Yordam Kitap published an expanded second edition of the book. After the historian Candan Badem informed the publisher that an expanded version of the Russian text prepared by Chuyev existed, the publishing house chose not simply to reprint the original text but to issue an enlarged second edition instead. The brief explanatory note added to the expanded edition reads as follows:
The publisher also stresses that the earlier translation was compared with the Russian original, and that the passages removed by Chuyev from the Russian second edition were retained on the grounds that they were considered meaningful for readers in Turkey. In the expanded edition, the translators are credited as Ayşe Hacıhasanoğlu and Suna Kabasakal.Feliks Chuyev included in the second edition many details that he had not -or had been unable to- incorporate into the first, while at the same time removing certain information that he assumed Russian readers would already be familiar with.
In preparing the Turkish second edition, we largely retained the material that the author had omitted from the Russian second edition, on the grounds that it would be useful for readers in Turkey. His additions, meanwhile, were incorporated into the Turkish edition. As a result, the volume expanded by approximately 230 pages. (Feliks Çuyev, Molotov Anlatıyor: Stalin’in sağkolu ile yapılan 140 görüşme, trans. Ayşe Hacıhasanoğlu and Suna Kabasakal, Yordam Kitap, revised and expanded 2nd edn, Istanbul, 2010, p. 11.)
Following the publication of my article entitled Crashing into the hard truth while trying to turn history on its head, I felt it would be useful to compare the relevant sections in the first and expanded second editions of Molotov Anlatıyor concerning the Soviet Union’s demand, in 1945, for territory and bases in the Straits from Turkey. As I noted in that article, the passages in which Molotov explicitly states that the Soviet Union demanded bases in the Straits as well as the return of Kars and Ardahan appear on pages 104-106 of Yordam Kitap’s first edition and on pages 116-118 of the expanded second edition.
The main differences between the first and second editions may be summarised as follows:
The Kaiser - Hitler - Çanakkale (the Dardanelles) dialogue
A particularly striking section, included in the expanded second edition but entirely absent from the first, deserves close attention. This section contains:
- a reference to the Kaiser’s memoirs,
- Molotov’s blunt rejection of the claim attributed to the Kaiser,
- followed by an explicit admission:
At the end of the war, we demanded joint control of the Dardanelles from Turkey.
This passage constitutes an unambiguous acknowledgement that such a demand was made by the Soviet side. The remark “Our Allies did not support it” refers not only to Turkey but also to the United Kingdom and the United States. The sentence “That was our mistake” amounts to a clear act of self-criticism. For this reason, this section can be regarded as the single most politically significant addition when compared with the first edition.
The 1945 Straits question - a shift in discourse
The passage referring to the “joint control of the Straits with Turkey,” which appears in both editions, is placed within a clearer historical framework in the expanded second edition. The phrase “In 1945, when the war ended” makes the timing explicit, while the statement “This was an untimely and unworkable proposal” expresses a more forthright act of self-criticism.
Stalin’s role is also highlighted more directly. Whereas the first edition is framed largely in terms of bureaucratic duty and technocratic procedure, the expanded second edition renders political responsibility far more visible.
Territorial demands on Turkey: differences in tone and explicitness
Both editions contain the statement:
We had claims to Turkish territory.
In the expanded second edition, however, this demand is framed within a broader perspective of territorial revision, alongside Georgian, Azerbaijani and Armenian claims. In contrast, the first edition treats the issue more briefly, with less contextualisation and in a comparatively oblique manner.
Of particular significance is the statement “We also wanted to give Ağrı to the Armenians”. Although it appears in both editions, in the expanded second edition it is situated within a more explicit and coherent political framework.
| Molotov and Stalin (February 1945) |
The passage rendered as “Stalin was pressing” appears in both editions. In the expanded second edition, however, Stalin’s insistent and overbearing manner is conveyed in more explicit terms, and Molotov’s objections emerge with greater clarity.
This portrayal reinforces the impression that, in its final phase, Stalin’s foreign policy was moving in a more adventurist and coercive direction. In the first edition, by contrast, the same passage is shorter and expressed in a noticeably more muted tone.
* * *
Taken as a whole, the expanded second edition offers the reader a more detailed and explicit account, providing a clearer framework at several critical junctures. The questions of the Straits and of Soviet territorial demands on Turkey in 1945 are treated in the second edition in a more visible, more direct, and less oblique manner.
[*] Feliks Çuyev, Molotov Anlatıyor: Stalin’in sağkolu ile yapılan 140 görüşme, trans. Suna Kabasakal, Yordam Kitap, 1st edn, Istanbul, 2007. (The English translation of the book, published in 1993, was titled Molotov Remembers.)